CBSEScienceClass 10

Heredity and Evolution

Free cheatsheet for Heredity and Evolution (CBSE Class 10). Mendel's laws, DNA, evolution theory & important diagrams.

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One-Page Cheatsheet

All key formulas, definitions & concepts for Heredity and Evolution — downloadable as PDF

5-Min Audio Podcast

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10 Killer MCQs

Exam-pattern questions on Heredity and Evolution with detailed explanations

Mind Map

Visual concept map showing how ideas connect — great for revision

Flashcards

Spaced repetition flashcards to memorize key facts and formulas

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Key Concepts Covered in This Cheatsheet

Mendel's Laws: Dominance, Segregation, Independent Assortment
Monohybrid cross (3:1 phenotypic ratio)
Dihybrid cross (9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio)
Phenotype vs. Genotype
Sex determination in humans (XX female, XY male)
Homologous vs. Analogous organs
Fossils and evidence of evolution
Speciation & natural selection basics

Heredity and Evolution Notes for CBSE Class 10 — Free AI Cheatsheet

Heredity and Evolution is a 5-6 mark chapter in CBSE Class 10 Biology, combining conceptual questions on Mendel's inheritance laws, diagram-based questions on Monohybrid/Dihybrid crosses, and 1-mark MCQs on sex determination and evidence of evolution. This chapter builds the foundation for the genetics you'll encounter in Class 12 and NEET — mastering it early pays dividends.

Mendel's experiments with pea plants revealed three laws — Dominance, Segregation, and Independent Assortment. The Punnett square for a monohybrid cross (Tt × Tt giving 3:1 phenotypic ratio) and a dihybrid cross (RrYy × RrYy giving 9:3:3:1) are certain board exam questions. Our AI cheatsheet walks through each cross step-by-step with the exact diagrams CBSE marking schemes expect to see.

Evolution topics include homologous vs. analogous organs (Darwin's evidence of common descent), fossils, and speciation. Sex determination in humans is another guaranteed question — males have XY chromosomes, females have XX, and the father determines the sex of the child. The cheatsheet presents all these facts on a single revision page, ideal for last-minute board exam prep.

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Frequently Asked Questions — Heredity and Evolution

What are Mendel's 3 laws of inheritance for Class 10?
Mendel proposed three laws: (1) Law of Dominance — in a heterozygous pair, the dominant allele masks the recessive; (2) Law of Segregation — alleles separate during gamete formation so each gamete carries only one; (3) Law of Independent Assortment — genes on different chromosomes assort independently during inheritance.
What is the phenotypic ratio of monohybrid and dihybrid cross?
A monohybrid cross (Tt × Tt) gives a 3:1 phenotypic ratio (dominant : recessive) and a 1:2:1 genotypic ratio (TT : Tt : tt). A dihybrid cross (RrYy × RrYy) gives a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio for two independent traits — this is one of CBSE's most-repeated board exam questions.
How is sex determined in humans Class 10?
In humans, sex is determined by the sex chromosomes — females have XX and males have XY. The mother always contributes an X chromosome; the father contributes either X (resulting in a female child, XX) or Y (resulting in a male child, XY). So the father determines the child's sex, not the mother.

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